Atomic Properties in Hot Plasmas

This book is dedicated to the calculation of hot-plasma properties which generally requires a huge number of atomic data. It is the first book that combines information on the details of the basic atomic physics and its application to atomic spectroscopy with the use of the relevant statistical physics approaches. Information like energy levels, radiative rates, collisional and radiative cross-sections, etc., must be included in equilibrium or non-equilibrium models in order to describe both the atomic-population kinetics and the radiative properties. Because of the very large number of levels and transitions involved in complex ions, some statistical (global) properties emerge. This book presents a coherent set of concepts and compact formulas suitable for tractable and accurate calculations. The topics addressed are: radiative emission and absorption, and a dozen of other collisional and radiative processes; transition arrays between level ensembles (configurations, superconfigurations); effective temperatures of configurations, superconfigurations, and ions; charge-state distributions; radiative power losses and opacity. There are many numerical examples and comparisons with experiment presented throughout the book. The plasma properties described in this book are especially relevant to large facilities such as the NIF (California) and the ITER (France) are developing. The book is intended for graduate-level students, and for physicists working in the field. Methods relevant to the central-field configurational model are described in detail in the appendices : tensor-operator techniques, second-quantization formalism, statistical distribution moments, and the algebra of partition functions. These tools are applied to the analytical derivation of many properties, specially the global ones, through which the complexity is much reduced. Some extra tools are called propensity laws, correlations, and fractals.