Extracellular Vesicles from Basic Research to Clinical Applications

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer particles containing proteins, glycoproteins, mRNA, other small RNA species, and lipids, formed and released by various pathogens. They serve as mediators in intercellular communication, regulating physiological and pathological processes including inflammation and infectious diseases. EVs derived from cells or pathogens play crucial roles in mediating communication under different conditions, influencing the immune response, inducing inflammation, and regulating the infectious process. Understanding these signals offers potential for novel therapeutic approaches to disrupt communication between pathogens and hosts. Comprehensive exploration of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the context of pathogen-host interactions, shedding light on their role as mediators in communication between hosts and infectious agentsIn-depth discussion on the nature, origin, identification, and characterization of EVs, providing valuable insights into their diverse functions in regulating physiological and pathological processes. Emphasis on the potential therapeutic implications of understanding EV-mediated communication, with discussions on vaccination, biomarkers, therapeutic strategies, molecular diagnosis, and treatment of infectious diseases