Sensor Node Localization Using Mobile Acoustic Beacons

In this monograph, we present a mobile acoustic §beacon based sensor node localization method. Our §technique is passive in that the sensor nodes §themselves do not need to generate an acoustic signal §for ranging. This saves cost, power and provides §stealthy operation. Furthermore, the beacon can §generate much more acoustic energy than a severely §resource constrained sensor node, thereby §significantly increasing the range. The acoustic §ranging method uses a linear frequency modulated §signal that can be accurately detected by matched §filtering. This provides longer range and higher §accuracy than the current state-of-the-art. The §localization algorithm was especially designed to §work in such acoustically reverberant environment, as§urban terrain. The algorithm presented handles non §Gaussian ranging errors caused by echoes. Node §locations are computed centrally by solving a global §non-linear optimization problem in an iterative and §incremental fashion. In this monograph, we present a mobile acoustic §beacon based sensor node localization method. Our §technique is passive in that the sensor nodes §themselves do not need to generate an acoustic signal §for ranging. This saves cost, power and provides §stealthy operation. Furthermore, the beacon can §generate much more acoustic energy than a severely §resource constrained sensor node, thereby §significantly increasing the range. The acoustic §ranging method uses a linear frequency modulated §signal that can be accurately detected by matched §filtering. This provides longer range and higher §accuracy than the current state-of-the-art. The §localization algorithm was especially designed to §work in such acoustically reverberant environment, as §urban terrain. The algorithm presented handles non §Gaussian ranging errors caused by echoes. Node §locations are computed centrally by solving a global §non-linear optimization problem in an iterative and §incremental fashion.